|
''Encyclopaedia Biblica: A Critical Dictionary of the Literary, Political and Religion History, the Archeology, Geography and Natural History of the Bible'' (1899), edited by Thomas Kelly Cheyne and J. Sutherland Black, is a critical encyclopedia of the Bible. In Theology/Biblical studies, it is often referenced as ''Enc. Bib.'', or as ''Cheyne and Black''. It has an article for every single name and place both in the Bible and in its traditional Apocrypha, as well as for each of the books of these, together with many improper nouns appearing in these (such as 'nebi'im' (of the two types of prophet ), 'mole', 'owl') and other more general subjects (such as 'music', 'tents', etc.). Many of these articles are given in great detail, and usually include mention of the various spellings for each word as used by the Masoretic Text, Septuagint (differentiating between each of the most important ancient manuscripts), and by other ancient versions; the largest article is that on the Gospels, which is over 5 MB in size, despite being almost completely plain text (and therefore over half a million words long). It is thus an extremely large work – in PDF form it constitutes a total of about 190 MB of mostly plain text (this would equate to nearly 20 million words, even at 10 characters per word). It is frequently referenced by other respected Bible-related encyclopedias of the period, such as the ''Catholic Encyclopedia'',〔for example, it is a source for (the article 'Eve' ) in the ''Catholic Encyclopedia''〕 and 9th Edition of the ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.〔(the Hosea article ), for example〕 The ''Jewish Encyclopedia'' has some articles ('marriage' for example) which quote large sections from it nearly verbatim. It is also referenced by works such as the ''International Standard Bible Encyclopedia''.〔(the article on Aaron ), for example〕 It is hence, indirectly, also a source for a large number of Wikipedia articles about Judaeo-Christian religion, as well as the direct source for others. A measure of its importance of some of the contributors is gained from the fact that the Jewish Encyclopedia dedicates the majority of the article 'Jerahmeel' to discussing Cheyne's theory of the Jerahmeelites, despite regarding it as arbitrary. The articles are still of value and interest to modern scholars,〔As reading material suggested by the University of Calgary, for example: ()〕〔As a source for the archaeology department at Tel Aviv University()〕 Islamic writers,〔(e.g. )〕 as well as to religio-political commentators such as Jihad Watch;〔(Blogging the Qur’an: Sura 17, “The Night Journey,” verses 2-111 ), Jihad Watch, referenced as 'enc. bib.'〕 however, modern archaeological research and discoveries have made considerable portions of it obsolete, and modern interpretations are of even older material is likely to be very different. For example, the Jerahmeelite/Arabian theory (see below) has long been ignored. It is no longer restricted by copyright and has become available online (at wikisource, for example). == Authors and contributors == The authors of the articles include most of the most respected biblical scholars at the time it was written. Several hold senior professorships at important universities. Many even hold the highest academic qualification – the Doctor of Divinity. The contributors are: *Anthony Ashley Bevan, Lord Almoner's Professor of Arabic, Cambridge. *A. E. Shipley, M.A., F.Z.S., Fellow, Tutor, and Lecturer at Christ's College, Cambridge. *Adolf Jülicher, Professor of Church History and New Testament Exegesis, University of Marburg. *Adolf Kamphausen, Professor of Old Testament Exegesis, University of Bonn. *Archibald Kennedy, R. S., M.A., D.D., Professor of Hebrew and Semitic Languages, Edinburgh University. *C. Creighton, M.D., Great Ormond Street Hospital *Rev. Charles Fox Burney, Lecturer in Hebrew, and Fellow of St John's College, Oxford. *Rev. C. H. W. Johns, M.A., Queen's College, Cambridge. *Rev. C. J. Ball, M.A., Chaplain to the Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn, London. *Cornelis Petrus Tiele, Professor of Comparative History and Philosophy of Religion (which was specially created for him), Leiden University. *Eduard Meyer, Professor of Ancient History, University of Halle. *Rev. Francis Brown, D.D., Davenport Professor of Hebrew and the cognate Languages in the Union Theological Seminary, New York. *Rev. George Adam Smith, D.D. LL.D., Professor of Hebrew and Old Testament Exegesis, Free Church College, Glasgow (later made principal of the University of Aberdeen). *George Augustus Simcox, M.A., Queen's College, Oxford. *Buchanan Gray, M.A., Lecturer in Hebrew and Old Testament Theology, Mansfield College, Oxford. *Rev. George Foot Moore, D.D., Professor of Hebrew in Andover Theological Seminary, Andover, Mass. *Hermann Guthe, a.o. Professor of Old Testament Exegesis, Leipzig University. *Baron Hermann von Soden, Professor of New Testament Exegesis, University of Berlin. *Hope W. Hogg, M.A. *Heinrich Zimmern, a.o. Professor of Assyriology, Leipzig. *Israel Abrahams, London, Editor of the Jewish Quarterly Review (and highly respected scholar of Judaism). *Dr. Immanuel Benzinger, University of Berlin. *Rev. J. Armitage Robinson, D.D., Canon of Westminster Cathedral. *John Massie, Yates Professor of New Testament Exegesis in Mansfield College, Oxford; formerly scholar of St John's College, Cambridge. *Karl Budde, Professor of Old Testament Exegesis, University of Strasbourg. *Karl Marti, Professor of Old Testament Exegesis and the Hebrew Language, University of Berne. *Lucien Gautier, Professor of Old Testament Exegesis and History, University of Lausanne. *Leonard William King, M.A., F.S.A., Assistant to the Keeper of Egyptian and Assyrian Antiquities, British Museum (and former lecturer in Babylo-Assyriological Archaeology at King's College, Cambridge) *Maurice A. Canney, M.A. (Oxon.) *Morris Jastrow, Jr., Ph.D., Professor of Semitic Languages in the University of Pennsylvania. *Montague Rhodes James (more famous as 'M. R. James'), Litt.D., Fellow and Dean of King's College, Cambridge. *Norman McLean, M.A., Lecturer in Hebrew, and Fellow of Christ's College, Lecturer in Semitic Languages at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. *Nathaniel Schmidt, Professor of Semitic Languages and Literature, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. *Rev. Owen C. Whitehouse M.A., Principal and Professor of Biblical Exegesis and Theology in the Countess of Huntingdon's College, Cheshunt, Herts. *Paul Wilhelm Schmiedel, Professor of New Testament Exegesis, University of Zurich. *Rev. Robert Henry Charles, M.A., D.D., Professor of Biblical Greek in Trinity College, Dublin. *Rev. Robert W. Rogers, Ph.D., D.D., Professor of Hebrew, Drew Theological Seminary, Madison, New Jersey. *Stanley A. Cook, M.A. (Cantab.) *Rev. Samuel Rolles Driver, D.D., Regius Professor of Hebrew, Canon of Christ Church, Oxford. *Theophilus G. Pinches, M.R.A.S., Egyptian and Assyrian Department, British Museum. *Rev. T. K. Cheyne, M.A., D.D., Oriel Professor of the Interpretation of Holy Scripture at Oxford, Canon of Rochester Cathedral. *Theodor Nöldeke, Professor of Semitic Languages, University of Strasbourg. *T. W. Davies, Ph.D., Professor of Old Testament Literature, North Wales Baptist College, Bangor; Lecturer in Semitic Languages, University College, Bangor. *Wilhelm Bousset, a.o., Professor of New Testament Exegesis, University of Göttingen. *Rev. W. E. Addis, M.A., Lecturer in Old Testament Criticism, Manchester College, Oxford. *Rev. W. H. Bennett, Professor of Biblical Languages and Literature, Hackney Theological Seminary, and Professor of Old Testament Exegesis, New College, London. *W. H. Kosters, Professor of Old Testament Exegesis, Leiden University. *William John Woodhouse, M.A., Lecturer in Classical Philology, University College of North Wales, Bangor, and later in Ancient History at St Andrews University. *W. Max. Muller, Professor of Old Testament Literature, Reformed Episcopal Seminary, West Philadelphia. *William Ridgeway, Disney Professor of Archaeology, Cambridge. *William Robertson Smith, Professor of Arabic, Cambridge. *Rev. William Sanday, D.D., LL.D., Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity, Canon of Christ Church, Oxford. *Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer, C.M.G., LL.D., F.R.S., Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Encyclopaedia Biblica」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|